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  2. The transverse-field XY model in one dimension is a well-known spin model for which the ground state properties and excitation spectrum are known exactly. The model has an interesting phase diagram describing quantum phase transitions (QPTs) belonging to two different universality classes.
    arxiv.org/pdf/1112.2050.pdf
    arxiv.org/pdf/1112.2050.pdf
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    What is the XY model in two dimensions?In statistical physics, the XY model in two dimensions provides the paradigmatic example of phase transitions mediated by topological defects (vortices).
    What is the Hamiltonian XY model?The fully anisotropic transverse-field XY model in one dimension (1d) describes an interacting spin system for which many exact results on ground and excited state properties including spin correlations are known [1–3]. The Hamiltonian describing the model is given by HXY= − λ 2 XL i=1 (1+γ)σx iσ x i+1+(1−γ)σ y iσ y +1 − XL i=1
    What is a 2D XY model?The 2D XY model has also been studied in great detail using Monte Carlo simulations, for example with the Metropolis algorithm. These can be used to compute thermodynamic quantities like the system energy, specific heat, magnetization, etc., over a range of temperatures and time-scales.
    What is the XY model?Rigorous analysis of the XY model shows the magnetization in the thermodynamic limit is zero, and that the square magnetization approximately follows , which vanishes in the thermodynamic limit. Indeed, at high temperatures this quantity approaches zero since the components of the spins will tend to be randomized and thus sum to zero.
     
  4. Classical XY model - Wikipedia

     
  5. [PDF] The XY Model in One Dimension | Semantic Scholar

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  9. Figure 1 from The XY Model in One Dimension | Semantic Scholar

  10. Figure 5 from The XY Model in One Dimension | Semantic Scholar

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